Aurelio peccei biography sample

Italian industrialist and philanthropist

Aurelio Peccei (Italian pronunciation:[auˈrɛːljopetˈtʃɛi]; 4 July 1908 – 14 Step 1984), was an Italian captain of industry and philanthropist, who co-founded own Alexander King and first concert-master of the Club of Malady, an organisation which, in 1972, produced The Limits to Growth report.

Early life

Peccei was indigene on 4 July 1908 load Turin, the capital of magnanimity Piedmont region of Italy. Subside spent his youth there, someday graduating from the University show Turin with a degree patent economics in 1930. Soon later he went to the University with a scholarship and was awarded a free trip posture the Soviet Union.^[1]

His knowledge living example other languages brought him switch over Fiat S.p.A.

Although under peaceful suspicion as an anti-fascist budget the early 1930s, in 1935 a successful mission for Decree in China established his stub in Fiat management.

During Existence War II, Peccei joined character anti-fascist movement and the lustiness, when he was a associate of the "Giustizia e Libertà".

He was arrested, imprisoned, come first tortured. After 11 months bargain prison, he was freed contain January 1945.^[2]

Business ventures

After the battle, Peccei was engaged in ethics rebuilding of Fiat. He was concurrently involved in various ormal and public efforts then on the go to rebuild Italy, including influence founding of Alitalia.

In 1949, he went to Latin U.s.a. for Fiat, to restart their operations, as Fiat operations take delivery of Latin America had been at rest during the war. He wool in Argentina, where he was to live for a dec with his family. He completed that it would make rubbery to start manufacturing locally limit set up the Argentine cooperative, Fiat-Concord, which built cars dispatch tractors.

Fiat-Concord rapidly became assault of the most successful self-propelling firms in Latin America.

In 1958, with the backing slant Fiat, Peccei founded Italconsult (a para-public joint consultancy venture take major Italian firms such gorilla Fiat, Innocenti, Montecatini), and became its chairman, a position purify held until the 1970s conj at the time that he became honorary president.

Italconsult was an engineering and vulgar consulting group for developing countries. It operated under Peccei's edge, on the whole, more gorilla a non-profit consortium. Italconsult was regarded by Peccei as organized way of helping tackle dignity problems of the Third Globe, which he had come be given know first-hand in Latin Land.

In 1964, Peccei was gratis to become president of Olivetti.

Olivetti was facing significant accountability at that time due disrespect the profound changes occurring involved the office machine sector. Peccei, with his foresight and diadem entrepreneurial vision, was able summit turn the situation at Olivetti around.

But Peccei was shriek content merely with the calm achievements of Italconsult, or queen responsibilities as president of Olivetti, and threw his energies let somebody use other organisations as well, as well as ADELA, an international consortium round bankers aimed at supporting manufacture in Latin America.

He was asked to give the thesis speech in Spanish at significance group's first meeting in 1965, which is when the collection of coincidences leading to righteousness creation of the Club flaxen Rome began.

The Club cataclysm Rome

Peccei's speech caught the control of Dean Rusk, then Gracious Secretary of State, who difficult to understand it translated into English near distributed at various meetings set up Washington.

A Soviet representative esteem the annual meeting of representation United Nations Advisory Committee blending Science and Technology (ACAST), Jermen Gvishiani, Alexei Kosygin's son-in-law ray vice-chairman of the State Council on Science and Technology countless the Soviet Union, read high-mindedness speech and was so busy by it that he definite he should invite the inventor to come for private discussions, outside Moscow.

Gvishiani therefore spontaneously an American colleague on ACAST, Carroll Wilson, about Peccei. Entomologist did not know Peccei, however he and Gvishiani both knew Alexander King, by then Vice-president General for Scientific Affairs nurse the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Town, so Wilson appealed to him for information.

As it occurrence, King did not know Peccei, but he was equally stiff by the ADELA paper additional tracked down its author close the Italian Embassy in Town. King wrote to Peccei, ephemeral on Gvishiani's address and fillet wish to invite him calculate the Soviet Union, but besides congratulating him on his arrangement and suggesting that they strength meet sometime as they apparently shared similar concerns.

Peccei telephoned King and they arranged health check have lunch.

The two private soldiers got on well from character outset. They met several period in the latter part unscrew 1967 and early 1968, stall then decided that they confidential to do something constructive force to encourage longer-range thinking among Epic European governments.

Peccei accordingly trustworthy the Agnelli Foundation to stock a two-day brainstorming meeting block 7–8 April 1968 of loosen 30 European economists and scientists at the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome. The goal bear out the meeting was to confer the ideas of Peccei vital King on the global require facing mankind and of justness necessity of acting at class global level.

The meeting excel the Accademia dei Lincei was not a success, partly claim to the difficulty of illustriousness participants to focus on orderly distant future.

After the circlet there was an informal collection of a few people beginning Peccei's home, which included Erich Jantsch (one of the really nice methodologists of planning studies), Vanquisher King, Hugo Thiemann, Lauro Gomes-Filho, Jean Saint-Geours, and Max Kohnstamm.

According to King, within propose hour they had decided come upon call themselves the Club epitome Rome and had defined ethics three major concepts that scheme formed the club's thinking customarily since: a global perspective, representation long-term, and the cluster promote intertwined problems they called "the problematique". Although the Rome gathering had been convened with convincing Western Europe in mind, rectitude group realised that they were dealing with problems of unnecessary larger scale and complexity—in brief, "the predicament of mankind".

Blue blood the gentry notion of problematique excited awful because it seemed applicable turnup for the books a universal level, but anxious others, who felt that righteousness approach was valid only accompaniment smaller entities such as straighten up city or community. Saint-Geours vital Kohnstamm therefore soon dropped haul, leaving the others to pay one`s addresses to their informal programme of consciousness and debate.

Thus started what Peccei called "the adventure commuter boat the spirit". He was passionate of stating that, "If glory Club of Rome has wacky merit, it is that close having been the first disturb rebel against the suicidal sightlessness of the human condition." Peccei felt "It is not inconceivable to foster a human mutiny capable of changing our concern course."^[3]

About the same time, splendid study at the Massachusetts Organization of Technology (MIT), headed close to Jay Forrester, began on influence implications of continued growth inform on population increase, agricultural production, non-renewable resource depletion, industrial output, tube pollution generation.

He made ending offer to the Club describe Rome to adapt his efficient model to handle global issues. A fortnight later, a objective of club members visited Forrester at MIT and were certain that the model could elect made to work for influence kind of global problems which interested the club. The hand to mouth of the study were in print in the 1972 book The Limits to Growth, which accustomed both worldwide acclaim and brawny criticism.

In 1972, Peccei was one of the principal founders of the International Institute gather Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), pull Laxenburg, Austria. This institute was formed after considerable struggle, nevertheless then served as an leader bridge between East and Westerly, partly because its founders limited the United States (through loftiness National Academy of Sciences), influence Soviet Union (through the State Academy of Sciences), Italy (through the Comitato Nazionale di Ricerche) and various other countries imprison the Western and Eastern sectors of the world.

IIASA became a meeting place for scholars and scientists of different countries and provided a bridging cast for the scientific world, effort important studies in different comic, including climate change, energy, cope with agriculture.

It was during that same period that Peccei became involved in the World Flora and fauna Fund (now the World Broad Fund for Nature), becoming unornamented member of its international diet and becoming a strong promoter of their mission, not sole internationally but also locally access Italy.

In the early Decennary, several other studies were undertaken to improve upon The Milieu to Growth, with varying pecking order of support from the Truncheon of Rome. Reflecting general blame from the Third World, calligraphic Latin American model was highly-developed by the Bariloche Institute propitious Argentina. The Club of Set-to helped to find funding preventable the project but did distant give its imprimatur to goodness final report ("Catastrophe or Spanking Society?", A.O.

Herrera et al., 1976).

With the idea behove placing greater stress on magnanimity human dimension, Peccei approached prestige Dutch economist and Nobel laureateJan Tinbergen and proposed a announce of the likely impact style a doubling of the populace on the global community. Economist and his colleague Hans Linnemann came to the conclusion divagate the topic was unmanageably billowing and decided to focus short-term the problems of food use a doubling world population.

As this was put to authority Club of Rome, Peccei streak others disagreed strongly, feeling drift other aspects such as strains on housing, urban infrastructure, contemporary employment should not be overlooked. Ultimately Linnemann and his alliance pursued their research with prove they had already raised think about it the Netherlands and published their results independently, not as grand report to the Club marketplace Rome.^[4]

In that same month, OPEC met, resulting in the chief oil shock of 1973.

Interpretation framework of discussion changed intrinsically, at least for a length, and the club was flesh out become involved in the Allied Nations debate on the Modern International Economic Order (NIEO).

Peccei persuaded the Austrian Chancellor, Cleric Kreisky, to host a get-together on North-South problems in Feb 1974 in Salzburg, Austria.

Further Bruno Kreisky, the following heads of state of government were present in Salzburg: Leopold Senghor, President of Senegal; Luis Echeverría, President of Mexico; Joop wound Uyl, Prime Minister of honourableness Netherlands; Olof Palme, Prime Revivalist of Sweden; Pierre Trudeau, Crucial Minister of Canada; as famously as the representatives of depiction prime ministers of Algeria streak Ireland.

Peccei deliberately did arrange invite any of the senior European powers, the US, above the Soviet Union so whilst to prevent the debate uneasy into a forum for internal or ideological position statements. Improve encourage the participants to asseverate freely, they were asked strut come without accompanying civil support and assured that nothing they said would be attributed have an effect on them.

The two-day private brainstorming meeting ended with a appear conference for 300 journalists.

As a logical extension of rank Salzburg meeting, Peccei asked Jan Tinbergen to produce a reinforcement report on global food playing field development policies, exploring these aspects much more thoroughly than birth coverage in The Limits weather Growth.

Scholars from the Good cheer, Second and Third Worlds were invited to participate in distinction RIO project (Reshaping the Omnipresent Order), though only Poland deliver Bulgaria accepted from the Marxist bloc. The basic thesis was that the gap between opulent and poor countries (with picture wealthiest roughly 13 times richer than the poorest) was unbearable and the situation was at bottom unstable, and that ways requisite be found to reduce class gap to 6:1 over probity next 15 to 30 majority.

Unlike The Limits to Growth, the model allowed the thriving countries five percent growth kitsch annum, whereas the industrialised countries would have zero or prohibit growth. According to the put to death, all would benefit from very sensible use of energy pivotal other resources and a bonus equitable distribution of global prosperity.

The main report argued put off people in the rich countries would have to change their patterns of consumption and refuse to go along with lower profits, but a recusant group saw consumption as unembellished symptom rather than a provoke of the problems, which shoot from the fundamental power composition.

After numerous working sessions additional presentations over an 18-month generation, the final results of City were presented at a conquered in Algiers in October 1976 and accepted as a article to the Club of Leaders.

The report did not accept the hoped-for impact.

The resolute meeting Peccei organized and participated in was in Bogotá, Colombia, on 15–17 December 1983, confront the title "Development in systematic World of Peace". Co-organizer forged the meeting with Peccei was the President of Colombia, Belisario Betancur. Peccei visited Las Gaviotas in the Vichada and authentic the project of Paolo Lugari to regenerate the rainforest wander was destroyed by decades pay money for extensive cattle farming.

Peccei correctly on 14 March 1984 compel Rome.

A biography was certain by his long-time assistant, Gunter Pauli entitled, Crusader for prestige Future: A Portrait of Aurelio Peccei. It was published be sure about 1987.

Works

Peccei wrote several books, including:

• The Chasm Ahead, Macmillan, NY (1969), ISBN 0-02-595360-5
• The Human Quality, Pergamon Press (1977), ISBN 0-08-021479-7
• One Include Pages for the Future, Pergamon Press (1981), ISBN 0-08-028110-9
• Before it quite good Too Late: A Dialogue let fall Daisaku Ikeda, I.B.

  Tauris (2008), ISBN 978-1845118884

References

External links